# Vim li cas qhov sib txuam tsis raug cua sov tube gaskets ua kom cov khoom siv corrosion thiab xau Tag nrho cov qhov hluav taws xob sib txuas cov chaw nres nkoj, flange pob qij txha thiab quartz-cov ntu hloov pauv hlau cia siab rau cov sealing gaskets los tiv thaiv cov pa nruab nrab. Yog hais tias gaskets siv cov ntaub ntawv tsis sib xws, kev laus, tsis ncaj ncees lawm thickness los yog kev txhim kho tsis raug, ntau qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm corrosion yuav tshwm sim ntawm cov pob qij txha: galvanic cell tsim, residual corrosive kua ntxiab, biofilm tuag zones thiab thermal stress cracking. Cov ntsiab lus sib koom ua ke no feem ntau tsis saib xyuas hauv kev saib xyuas txhua hnub thiab dhau los ua qhov tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov cua sov ua ntej. Cov lus hauv qab no teev cov qauv sib xws, kev phom sij thiab kev hloov pauv rau plaub cov khoom siv cua sov.|Cua sov Tube Khoom|Matching Standard Gasket Khoom|Hazard ntawm Mismatched Gasket|Tej yam sib koom ua tsis tiav Phenomenon|Yuav Tsum Hloov Lub voj voog|| -{{20}--|----|----|-{{61}--|----|| 316 Stainless Hlau|PTFE / nthuav PTFE gaskets|Roj hmab gasket absorbs acid & alkali, decomposes tso chloride; dissimilar hlau gasket tsim galvanic corrosion|Flange weld pitting, lub zos xeb to ntawm cov pob qij txha|Txhua 6 lub hlis; hloov tom qab 2 siab -temp disinfection batches|| Qib 2 Titanium|Ntshiab PTFE elastic gasket (tsis muaj hlau muab tub lim)|Carbon steel / hlau ntim gasket tiv tauj titanium los tsim galvanic cell; roj hmab gaskets fluoride residues|Milky uniform etching nplhaib ntawm raj sib koom, nruam muaj peev xwm poob|Txhua 4 lub hlis; hloov yog gasket deformation pom|| PFA Coated rhaub|Thickened mos PTFE gasket|Hard hlau gaskets khawb PFA txheej ntawm txoj haujlwm clamping; zoo tib yam roj hmab swells los ntawm kub alkali|Txheej nkag mus khawb ntawm flange, interlayer hlwv nyob rau hauv kos|Txhua 6 lub hlis; hloov tom qab disassembly|| Quartz iav|PTFE composite tsis gasket nrog elastic interlayer|Rigid hlau / tawv yas gaskets kis thermal kev nyuaj siab ncaj qha, nyem quartz los ua microcracks|Quartz xov cracking, kua seepage ntawm sib koom|Txhua 3 lub hlis; hloov ib zaug dismounted|## 1. Plaub core corrosion mechanisms tshwm sim los ntawm mismatched gaskets ### ① Galvanic corrosion ntawm dissimilar conductive cov ntaub ntawv Titanium thiab stainless hlau muaj txawv electrode muaj peev xwm. Yog hais tias hlau- cov khoom siv ntxiv, cov pa roj carbon steel rov qab los yog cov khoom siv tooj liab siv ntawm titanium raj flanges, cov khoom nruab nrab ua kom tiav galvanic voj ntawm titanium thiab txawv teb chaws hlau. Titanium ua raws li kev txi anode, TiO₂ passivation zaj duab xis dissolves tsis tu ncua, tsim ib lub voj voog ntawm milky etching cov cim raws li gasket tiv tauj kab. Txawm tias qhov chaw sib cuag me me yuav ua rau pom tseeb corrosion hauv 1-2 lub hlis. ### ② Gasket degradation enriches corrosive ions hauv sealing gas Ordinary nitrile roj hmab, silicone roj hmab thiab EPDM gaskets nqus alkaline ntxuav kua, organic nruab nrab thiab fluoride acid nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntev -lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm kub. Kev kub siab ua kom cov roj hmab laus decomposition, tso cov tshuaj chloride, sulfur ions thiab cov fluoride residual cuab nyob rau hauv qhov nqaim qhov sib txawv ntawm gasket thiab raj phab ntsa. Lub cheeb tsam tuag tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm los ntawm CIP kua, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo siab corrosion microenvironment uas nyiam tawm tsam welds, titanium nto thiab txheej txheej. ### ③ Cov khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob. Nruab nrab sediment, mycelium thiab protein deposits nyob rau hauv qhov sib txawv thiab tsis tuaj yeem raug scoured los ntawm circulating kua, sai sai tsim ntom ntom biofilm. Oxygen concentration cell corrosion tsim nyob rau hauv qhov sib koom ua ke, uas yog zais los ntawm gasket thiab tsis tuaj yeem soj ntsuam thaum lub sij hawm niaj hnub saib xyuas. Feem ntau flange to tsis ua haujlwm pib los ntawm qhov chaw zais biofilm corrosion. ### ④ Rigid mismatched gaskets amplify thermal stress puas Quartz thiab PFA hauv ob sab phlu cia siab rau elastic buffer gaskets offset thermal expansion qhov sib txawv thaum pib-nres. Cov hlau tawv lossis cov yas yas tsis tuaj yeem deform kom nqus cov kev ntxhov siab: - Rau quartz: rov qab extrusion kev ntxhov siab concentrates ntawm cov hauv paus hniav, tsim cov microcracks tsis pom uas nthuav nrog txhua lub voj voog thermal; - Rau PFA txheej: nyuaj gaskets tsim ib ncig ntawm compression khawb ntawm cov fluoroplastic txheej thaum lub sij hawm bolt nruj, qhib mus tas li alkali infiltration channel. ## 2. Cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb kev puas tsuaj evolution nyob rau hauv tsis ncaj ncees lawm gasket txuam ### 316 Stainless hlau Flange Joints Qhov feem ntau yuam kev yog siv roj hmab gaskets uas tsis zoo tshuaj tiv thaiv. Kub alkali nkag mus rau hauv cov roj hmab matrix thiab decomposes nws, tso chloride ions concentrated nyob rau hauv lub flange crevice. Cov chromium passive zaj duab xis ntawm cov npoo npoo yaj sai sai, thiab cov nplhaib pitting tsim nyob ib ncig ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke. Yog hais tias cov hlau kauv qhov txhab gaskets tsis siv PTFE npog, cov hlau sawb ncaj qha hu rau stainless hlau los tsim cov galvanic corrosion me ntsis, accelerating weld thinning. ### Qib 2 Titanium Tube Connections Hlau-filled composite gaskets yog txwv tsis pub rau titanium loops. Txawm tias ib qho me me hlau muab tub lim rau qhov chaw yuav tsim ib lub micro galvanic cell. Biofilm daig nyob rau hauv lub gasket adsorbs kab fluoride, tsim ib tug annular milky etching band nyob ib ncig ntawm lub raj kawg. Kev saib xyuas cov pa oxygen txhua hnub tsis tuaj yeem kuaj pom qhov kev puas tsuaj hauv cheeb tsam no; tsuas yog peb lub hlis twg tag nrho cov raj muaj peev xwm luam theej tau tuaj yeem ntes lub nplhaib tsis tshua muaj peev xwm ntawm flanges. ### PFA Lined Heater Flanges Hard gaskets los yog nruj bolts hlais hlais khawb ntawm cov mos PFA txheej ntawm lub qhov ncauj flange. CIP alkaline kua ntws mus rau hauv qhov khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob Cov hlwv ze ntawm flanges tsis tuaj yeem pom los ntawm kev soj ntsuam saum npoo kom txog thaum lub hauv paus txheej txheej bulges thiab ruptures kom xau dej xeb. ### Quartz iav Threaded Joints Tsis muaj elastic PTFE tsis gaskets, nruj hlau flanges ncaj qha nyem quartz thaum lub sij hawm thermal expansion. Microcracks thawj zaug tshwm sim ntawm cov hauv paus xov, thiab txhua lub voj voog txias-kub nthuav dav tawg. Thaum cov kua nkag mus rau hauv cov kab nrib pleb, cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv nce siab, nws thiaj li ua rau qhov tawg ntawm quartz sib koom ua ke thaum cua sov, ua rau tag nrho cov fermentation broth poob. ## 3. Feem ntau ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm tsis zoo txog gaskets 1. Kev siv cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke: random nruab roj hmab lossis hlau kauv gaskets yam tsis muaj qhov txawv ntawm cov khoom siv cua sov; 2. Reused deformed, laus gaskets tom qab cov khoom disassembly kom txuag tau cov nqi seem; 3. Tshaj-tighten flange bolts kom tsis txhob me me seepage, extruding gaskets thiab khawb raj nto; 4. Txuas ntxiv kev pabcuam gasket mus tas li, tsuas yog hloov tom qab pom tseeb cov kua dej tshwm sim; 5. Tshem tawm cov gaskets ib ntus thaum kho, ncaj qha hlau-rau-hlau clamping kom rov pib sai. ## 4. Cov txheej txheem tag nrho cov txheej txheem gasket txuam & kev tswj xyuas 1. cais cov khoom seem ntawm cov khoom siv cua sov, tso cov thawv xim xim nrog cov ntawv ntshiab kom tsis txhob siv sib xyaw; txwv tsis pub cov hlau txuas ntxiv rau cov khoom siv titanium thiab quartz . 2. Ua raws li txoj cai siv ib zaug tom qab disassembly: tej gasket tshem tawm ntawm flanges yuav tsum tau hloov nrog ib tug tshiab, tsis muaj reinstallation tau tso cai. 3. Standardize bolt clamping lag luam: nruj crosswise nyob rau hauv sib npaug zos torque los mus tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau hauv lub cokets / extrusion 3. periodic gasket hloov raws li cov khoom siv; khij hnub hloov ntawm flange sab nrauv phab ntsa rau traceability. 5. Ua kom pom tseeb ntawm flange kev sib koom ua ke tshuaj xyuas thaum lub sij hawm saib xyuas txhua hnub: xyuas seb cov kua dej me me, cov roj hmab dawb decomposition residues thiab cov raj hauv zos discoloration; ua ntej gasket hloov lub sij hawm ib zaug tshwm sim txawv txav. ## Cov ntsiab lus Kev sib txuam tsis raug, hnub nyoog lossis rov siv dua gaskets tsim qhov chaw nqaim tuag ntawm cov cua sov raj flanges thiab hloov cov pob qij txha, ua rau galvanic corrosion, ion enrichment, biofilm deposition thiab thermal stress cracking. Kev sib koom ua ke txhim kho covertly nyob rau hauv lub gasket thiab dhau los ua qhov tshwm sim ntxov tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov cua sov. Cov khoom siv nruj nruj, kev hloov pauv tsis tu ncua thiab cov qauv kev teeb tsa torque yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntsuas tus nqi qis kom tshem tawm cov flange zais qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm corrosion thiab txuas ntxiv tag nrho cov kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm cov cua sov raj bundles.
