Nyob rau hauv 24-teev fermentation ntau lawm, tam sim ntawd tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm titanium cua sov raj xws li to, hluav taws xob to, raj tawg thiab loj scaling overheating yuav ua rau broth scrapping, sterile ib puag ncig puas, ntau lawm kab kaw thiab txawm cov cuab yeej kev nyab xeeb xwm txheej. Daim ntawv no txheeb xyuas cov kev pheej hmoo tsis ua hauj lwm tam sim ntawd, ua ntej - cov cim ceeb toom, ntawm - cov kauj ruam pov tseg thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev thiab cov qauv kho rov qab ua tsis tiav, tsim kom muaj kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb thiab kev tiv thaiv thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev.
1. Sudden Failure 1: Titanium raj weld penetration to leakage (feem ntau kev sib tsoo)
Cov cim ceeb toom ntxov ua ntej xau
Ua kua dej tsis tu ncua ntawm flange weld thaum lub sij hawm saib xyuas txhua hnub, dawb titanium oxide corrosion sediment tsub zuj zuj ntawm weld;
Tank kub hloov pauv txawv txav, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob cua sov ua kom pom tseeb thaum cua sov ua haujlwm poob;
Peb lub hlis twg ntawm phab ntsa thickness kuaj pom tias weld residual phab ntsa thickness qis dua 60% ntawm thawj thickness.
Hauv paus ua rau
Weld pitting crevice corrosion, hydrogen embrittlement microcrack expansion, npuas stagnation ntev -lub sij hawm thinning ntawm qaum weld arc.
Ntawm - cov kauj ruam pov tseg qhov xwm txheej ceev ntawm qhov chaw
Tam sim ntawd txiav tawm tag nrho cov khoom siv cua sov, kaw lub txee hluav taws xob kom tsis txhob muaj hluav taws xob poob siab;
Kaw cua sov nruab nrab inlet thiab qhov hluav taws xob li qub, cais cov cua sov raj los ntawm lub tank ncig voj;
Yog tias qhov ntim ntim me me: Hloov cov fermentation broth mus rau lub tank tsis muaj menyuam ib ntus los ntawm kev hloov cov kav dej;
Yog tias loj- thaj tsam tawg tawg ua rau cov kua qaub poob: Tsis txhob nplawm thiab aeration, foob lub tank tso qhov chaw nres nkoj kom tsis txhob muaj kab mob sab nraud; npliag tank tom qab hloov mus rau broth;
Kos tus naj npawb ntawm cov kav dej cua sov, cais nws thiab hloov mus rau cov khoom siv cua sov yog tias muaj ntau- raj sib npaug.
Tshaj tawm - tus qauv kho tsis raug
Empty tank, huv si carbon scale ntawm raj nto; polish corrosion pits thiab tawg cheeb tsam kiag li;
Nqa tawm argon shield vuam kho rau kev nkag mus rau qhov tsis xws luag, grind weld kom du arc hloov;
Integral tshuaj re-passivation kev kho mob, tuav hydraulic siab kuaj ntawm 1.5 lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm siab rau 30min yam tsis muaj to ua ntej muab rov qab mus siv;
Shorten phab ntsa thickness nrhiav kom tau lub voj voog mus rau txhua hli rau lub raj kho hauv ib xyoos.
2. Sudden Failure 2: Cua sov raj hluav taws xob to rwb thaiv tsev tawg
Cov cim ceeb toom ntxov
Hluav taws xob tiv thaiv kev hloov mus ncig ntau zaus thaum pib cua sov;
Tank hlau plhaub tau induced voltage kuaj los ntawm multimeter;
Ntev - lub sij hawm siab saum npoo lub zog ntom ntom ua rau muaj qhov hnyav sab hauv tsis kam xaim aging.
Hauv paus ua rau
Tube phab ntsa hauv zos overheating rau lub sij hawm ntev, sab hauv magnesium oxide rwb thaiv tsev hmoov damp tom qab raj lub cev micro- leakage, qhuav - tawm kub kub aging ntawm cua sov hlau.
Kev pov tseg thaum muaj xwm ceev
Kev txiav fais fab xwm txheej ceev, txwv tsis pub cov neeg ua haujlwm tiv tauj lub tank hlau plhaub ua ntej kev sib cais fais fab;
Paub meej tias tsis muaj kua txau ntawm lub txee hluav taws xob tswj, tos lub raj lub cev kom txias tag;
Disassemble lub cua sov raj sib dhos; Yog hais tias nruab nrab nkag mus rau hauv lub tub ntxhais tub ntxhais, lub raj yog ncaj qha scrapped (tsis tuaj yeem kho cov rwb thaiv tsev sab hauv);
Tshawb xyuas cov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob titanium cua sov ua ntej hloov, xyuas kom cov rwb thaiv tsev zoo dua los yog sib npaug rau 200MΩ nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias.
Kev tiv thaiv kev ntsuas
nruj me ntsis ua kua theem interlock zog-tawm; tswj lub zog ntawm lub zog ntom ntom raws li kev ua haujlwm; ib nrab- txhua xyoo disassemble tshuaj xyuas cov raj qub nrog ntau tshaj 3 xyoo kev pab cuam lub neej.
3. Sudden Failure 3: Cov pa roj carbon monoxide hnyav npog ua rau muaj cua sov, lub raj hauv cheeb tsam liab -kub
Cov cim ceeb toom ntxov
Tank cua kub ceev ua qeeb heev, lub zog load tsis tu ncua;
Kev pom iav tsom pom pom cov xim dub coking txheej tag nrho cov phab ntsa qhwv lub raj;
Passive zaj duab xis muaj peev xwm kuaj pom qhov loj - cheeb tsam uas tsis tshua muaj peev xwm txawv txav.
Hauv paus ua rau
Ultra-high surface power density, circulation flow velocity insufficient, overdue CIP cleaning cycle.
Kev pov tseg thaum muaj xwm ceev
Txo lub zog cua sov kom tsawg kawg nkaus iav los yog txiav tawm cua sov; nce circulating twj tso kua mis zaus kom siab tshaj plaws kom ntxiv dag zog rau scouring;
Yog tias qhov nruab nrab siab -kub fermentation broth: Txias lub tank kom qis dua 45℃los ntawm cov dej txias kom tshem tawm cov raj liab - kub kub;
Teem kev kub ntxhov hauv online CIP descaling nrog hydrogen peroxide-citric acid composite ntxuav kua tom qab hloov pauv;
Tom qab tshem tawm cov nplai, rov- ntsuas phab ntsa tuab los kuaj xyuas qhov kub dhau- ua rau lub zos thinning.
Ntev - tiv thaiv lub sij hawm
Ua ob lub lis piam sib sib zog nqus ntxuav kom siab - qab zib siab - viscosity fermentation tanks; tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob qis qis cua sov lub raj layout thaum hloov khoom siv.
4. Sudden Failure 4: Flange gasket tsis ua haujlwm loj - ntim nruab nrab txau tawm
Cov cim ceeb toom ntxov
Flange sealing nto nruam dripping, PTFE gasket extruded thiab deformed;
Tsis tshua muaj siab poob thaum lub sij hawm hydraulic nruj soj ntsuam nyob rau hauv peb lub hlis twg nrhiav tau.
Hauv paus ua rau
Gasket aging tom qab ntev -lub sij hawm alternating acid-base immersion, flange sealing nto pitting unevenness, rov thermal voj voog compression qaug zog.
Kev pov tseg thaum muaj xwm ceev
Txiav lub zog cua sov, kaw lub voj voog, tso lub tank sab hauv siab maj mam los ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj;
Muab tso rau hauv lub tank nyob rau hauv lub flange kom rov qab sterile kua zaub los txo cov khoom poob;
Tom qab siab nyem, disassemble flange, hloov nrog tshiab nkauj xwb PTFE ca gasket; polish ntiav pitting ntawm flange sealing nto ua ntej reassembly;
Tighten flange bolts crosswise tusyees kom tsis txhob unilateral gasket compression thiab lwm yam to.
Txoj cai tiv thaiv
Tag nrho cov PTFE gaskets thiab lub tes tsho tiv thaiv lub tsho yog hloov tsis tu ncua txhua rau lub hlis thaum lub sijhawm ib nrab- hloov kho txhua xyoo.
5. Sudden Failure 5: Weld hydrogen embrittlement brittle burst (tsis pom tseeb ua ntej- leakage, siab txaus)
Cov cim ceeb toom ntxov
Cov ntaub ntawv kho mob qhia tau hais tias nquag inorganic acid pickling yam tsis muaj kev tshaj tawm - ntxuav cov hydrogen tshem tawm ci;
Ultrasonic nrhiav tau ua ntej tsis ua hauj lwm pom tawg nyob rau hauv micro void signals ntawm welds.
Hauv paus ua rau
Cov hydrogen atoms sib sau ua ke hauv titanium matrix, thermal cycling kev nyuaj siab ua rau muaj kev tawg sai sai.
Kev pov tseg thaum muaj xwm ceev
Tag nrho lub zog txiav, cais cov cua kub tam sim ntawd; tiv thaiv siab -kub broth ejection scald kev huam yuaj;
Ua kom tag nrho lub tank thiab tshuaj tua kab mob, pov tseg cov kab mob tsis huv (cov khib nyiab hlau ua rau fermentation nruab nrab);
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob tawg yog ncaj qha scrapped, kho vuam hauv zos tsis raug rau hydrogen embrittlement puas matrix;
Tag nrho cov titanium tubes nyob rau hauv tib lub tank yog disassembled rau 120 ~ 150℃hydrogen tshem tawm ci rau 3 teev, re- ua ultrasonic flaw detection los tshuaj ntsuam zais hydrogen defects.
Kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb
Hloov inorganic acid descaling tus neeg saib xyuas nrog citric acid; Yuav tsum tau tshem tawm hydrogen ci tom qab ib qho inorganic acid ntxuav ua haujlwm.
6. Universal pre- kev tswj hwm kev pheej hmoo
Kev soj ntsuam txhua hnub cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb: Flange seepage, cua sov load abnormality, kua theem interlock function test, ncig thiab aeration txaus;
Peb lub hlis twg uas tsis yog{0}}kev ntsuas kev puas tsuaj: Kev ntsuas phab ntsa tuab, kev kuaj pom qhov tsis zoo, kev sim ua yeeb yaj kiab tsis zoo, tshem tawm cov zais zais zais thiab microcracks ua ntej;
Cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb: Muab 10% cov khoom siv titanium cua sov, cov khoom noj txaus-qib PTFE gaskets thiab lub tes tsho rwb thaiv tsev rau txhua kab ntau lawm;
Kev cob qhia tus neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau ua: Txhua tus ntawm - cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv chaw ua haujlwm tau txiav txim siab thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, kev sib cais ntawm lub valve thiab cov kua dej hloov pauv, ua qhov kev xyaum thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev txhua rau lub hlis.
7. Lub rooj sib piv kev pov tseg thaum muaj xwm ceev ntawm txhua qhov ua tsis tiav tam sim ntawd
表格
| Sudden Failure Type | Core Early Warning Signal | Thawj kauj ruam xwm ceev | Tshaj tawm - tsis ua hauj lwm pov tseg Cov Qauv |
|---|---|---|---|
| Weld penetration kua to | Flange weld nruam seepage, cua sov efficiency poob | Txiav lub zog cua sov, cais cov cua sov lub voj, hloov cov kua zaub | Weld vuam kho + ib qho re-passivation + hydraulic test |
| Internal rwb thaiv tsev tawg hluav taws xob to | Cov dej tiv thaiv kev tawm mus ntau zaus, tank induced voltage kuaj | Tag nrho lub zog cais tawm, tsis muaj kev sib cuag nrog lub plhaub tank | Lub raj tsis ua haujlwm ncaj qha scrapped, hloov cov khoom tsim nyog lub raj |
| Heavy carbon nplai overheating liab-kub tube | Kev kub ceev qeeb, lub zog thauj khoom txawv txav | Txo lub zog cua sov, puv - nrawm nrawm | Emergency composite kua descaling, phab ntsa thickness re- tshuaj xyuas |
| Flange gasket txau txau | Flange dripping, gasket extrusion deformation | Tso lub tank siab maj mam, sau cov pa nruab nrab | Hloov PTFE gasket tshiab, polish flange sealing nto |
| Hydrogen embrittlement weld brittle tawg | Yav dhau los ultrasonic ntes cov voids sab hauv, nquag inorganic acid pickling | Kev txiav hluav taws xob kub ceev kom tiv thaiv cov kua dej kub tawm | Lub raj tawg tau tawg, tag nrho cov raj seem hydrogen tshem tawm ci |
Cov ntsiab lus luv luv
Txhua qhov kev ua tsis tiav tam sim ntawm titanium cua sov raj muaj qhov sib xws ua ntej- ceeb toom txawv txav, thiab cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm kub ntxhov yuav tsum tau muab lub zog cais tawm thiab kev sib cais ntawm lub tank yog thawj qhov tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob muaj kev nyab xeeb kev nyab xeeb thiab loj - nplai cov kua zaub khib nyiab. Tsim kom muaj kev saib xyuas txhua hnub + peb lub hlis twg uas tsis yog- kev sim ua kom puas tsuaj rau ob qho kev soj ntsuam kev pheej hmoo, khaws cov khoom seem txaus, ua qauv tu thiab tu cov txheej txheem txhawm rau txo qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua tsis tiav tam sim ntawd; tsim lub hom phiaj kho lossis scrapping cov qauv raws li cov txheej txheem tsis ua haujlwm sib txawv kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab tsis muaj menyuam rov pib ua haujlwm sai li sai tau.
