Sab nrauv phab ntsa corrosion hais txog qhov kev puas tsuaj tas mus li ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab sab nraud ntawm 316 cua sov cov raj raug rau huab cua ntub, kua qaub, kua qaub condensate, av thiab corrosive flue gas. Hauv zos pitting, xeb me ntsis thiab txawm tias dhau los ntawm - phab ntsa perforation tshwm rau sab nrauv yam tsis muaj kev yaig nruab nrab hauv cov yeeb nkab. Qhov zoo ntawm corrosion feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau sab nraum zoov nteg cov kav dej, cov kav dej faus thiab cov cuab yeej siv nrog cov pa phem hauv huab cua, uas yog ib qho kev laus tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov kav dej cua sov.
1. Electrochemical Corrosion Mechanism ntawm Sab Phab Ntsa
Ib txheej txheej nyias nyias ntawm chromium oxide tiv thaiv ib txwm ua rau ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj steel nyob rau hauv qhuav qhuav. Thaum cov phab ntsa sab nrauv yog npog los ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab dej condensed, plua plav thiab ntsev tso, txheej txheej electrolyte txuas ntxiv yog tsim rau ntawm cov yeeb nkab nto. Cov tshuaj chloride ions thiab acidic nyob rau hauv cov huab cua nkag mus rau hauv cov zaj duab xis passive los tsim thawj qhov chaw corrosion. Lub qhov dej sab hauv tsim ib qho chaw microenvironment nrog siab ion concentration thiab qis pH tus nqi, ua kom nrawm rau sab hauv kev tawg ntawm lub substrate. Kev ntxuav dej los nag thiab dej lwg evaporation ua rau rov ua kom cov khoom corrosive nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, ua rau pitting nthuav dav. Tsis zoo li qhov nruab nrab corrosion hauv nruab nrab, qhov tsis ua haujlwm no yog tsav los ntawm sab nraud atmospheric thiab ib puag ncig yam tsis zoo li txheej txheem dej hauv cov kav dej.
2. Cov hauj lwm zoo tshaj plaws rau sab nrauv phab ntsa sab nrauv Corrosion
Cov kav dej tawm sab nraud raug cua, nag, ntsev pos thiab cov roj pov tseg txhua xyoo;
Cov yeeb nkab faus rau hauv av nrog cov av noo siab, cov ntsiab lus chloride thiab stray tam sim no cuam tshuam;
Hauv qab ntawm cov kav dej kab rov tav qhov twg condensate thiab plua plav sib sau ua ke thiab tsis yooj yim rau ntws tawm;
Cov cheeb tsam ze ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tshuaj lom neeg muaj kua qaub, alkali vapor thiab corrosive volatile gas deposition;
Pipeline qhov chaw qhwv nrog cov laus damp thermal rwb thaiv tsev paj rwb uas ntxiab dej thiab av rau lub sijhawm ntev.
3. Core Inducing Factors Accelerating External Corrosion
Ntev - lub sij hawm raug rau siab - av noo, ntsev- muaj thiab muaj kuab paug nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig kev lag luam atmospheric;
Kev puas tsuaj, tawg lossis ploj sab nraud tiv thaiv -corrosion txheej thiab thermal rwb thaiv tsev tiv thaiv txheej;
Thermal rwb thaiv tsev txheej absorbs los nag thiab condensate, ua ib tug ntev - lub sij hawm ntub wrapping ib puag ncig sab nraum cov yeeb nkab;
Fais fab tam sim no los ntawm cov cuab yeej hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tam sim no corrosion ntawm cov kav dej faus;
Tsis muaj kev tu qhov chaw tsis tu ncua thiab tiv thaiv- kev saib xyuas corrosion, nrog cov av thiab cov corrosive txuas ntxiv txhua xyoo.
4. Tag nrho -Txuas Kev Tiv Thaiv thiab Tswj Kev Ntsuas Kev Ntsuas
① Thov ua kom tiav los tiv thaiv- xeb txheej ntawm phab ntsa sab nrauv ua ntej kev teeb tsa
Txais siab -kub los tiv thaiv- xeb xim lossis fluorocarbon txheej kom cais cov substrate los ntawm ib puag ncig sab nraud.
② Siv cov qauv dej tsis zoo thiab ua tsis taus pa thermal rwb thaiv tsev
Ntxiv cov dej tsis muaj dej tiv thaiv lub plhaub sab nraud ntawm cov txheej txheem rwb thaiv tsev kom tiv thaiv cov dej los nag thiab cov dej hauv dej.
③ Teeb tsa kev txi anode lossis txaus siab rau kev tiv thaiv cathodic tam sim no rau cov kav dej faus
Tshem tawm cov stray tam sim no thiab av electrochemical corrosion los ntawm cathode tiv thaiv foundations.
④ Teem lub ntsej muag tsis tu ncua thiab txheej txheej kov -txoj kev tu
Tshem tawm cov plua plav thiab ntsev ntsev, kho cov txheej txheej txheej kom tsis txhob raug hlau puag.
⑤ Txhim kho cov kav dej kom zoo kom tsis txhob muaj tsawg -dej cov dej sib xyaw thiab cov roj hluav taws xob ncaj qha
Txhim kho cov qauv dej ntawm qhov qis tshaj plaws ntawm cov kav dej kom txo tau ntev - lub sij hawm dew tuav.
5. Kev Tiv Thaiv Cov Teeb Meem Sib piv
表格
| Kev Tiv Thaiv & Kev Tu Hom | Sab nrauv Corrosion Risk | Daim ntawv thov tswv yim |
|---|---|---|
| Cov yeeb nkab liab liab raug pom ncaj qha + tsis muaj rwb thaiv tsev thiab txheej tiv thaiv | Ceev nrooj xeb thiab pitting perforation hauv huab cua hnyav | Txhob siv thiab siv tag nrho cov phab ntsa sab nrauv los tiv thaiv -corrosion txheej tam sim ntawd |
| Ua kom tiav txheej txheej + kaw cov rwb thaiv tsev tsis zoo + kev saib xyuas lub sijhawm | Zoo thaiv ib puag ncig corrosion intrusion | Txuj kev tiv thaiv -corrosion tsim tshwj xeeb rau cov kav xa dej |
| Cathodic tiv thaiv + ntau- txheej txheej tiv thaiv-corrosion system | Tsawg sab nrauv phab ntsa corrosion zais txaus ntshai | faus thiab ntug hiav txwv hnyav corrosion ib puag ncig nyiam cov txheej txheem |
Xaus
Sab nrauv phab ntsa sab nrauv corrosion ntawm 316 stainless hlau cua sov raj yog tshwm sim los ntawm atmospheric ntsev pos huab, condensate thiab av corrosive xov xwm rhuav tshem cov nto passive zaj duab xis, tsim tus kheej -accelerating occluded pitting corrosion. Cov tswv yim tiv thaiv tseem ceeb yog tsim kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg sab nrauv los tiv thaiv- txheej txheej tiv thaiv corrosion, tiv thaiv cov dej thiab cov khoom corrosive los ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov yeeb nkab hauv lub cev, siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv electrochemical rau cov seem faus, thiab ua raws li kev tshuaj xyuas thiab txheej txheej. Kev tiv thaiv zoo ntawm cov raj xa dej sab nrauv ntim thiab kev tswj xyuas txhua hnub tuaj yeem zam cov khoom siv tsis ua haujlwm los ntawm ib puag ncig ib puag ncig corrosion ntawm cov kav dej cua sov.
