# Sib piv Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Ua Haujlwm Tus Nqi Them Nqi Ua Haujlwm ntawm Plaub Kev Tiv Thaiv -Corrosion Cua Kub Tubes hauv Fermentation Ntau Lawm ## Kev Sib Tw Tsav Yam Tseem Ceeb ntawm 316L Stainless Steel Heating Tube Ua Haujlwm Tus Nqi 1. Nruab nrab chloride concentration fluctuation Yog tias cov khoom siv raw hloov ua rau 5 xyoo cov ntsiab lus chloride urges nce siab dua exponentially, shortening lub neej kev pab cuam los ntawm lub tsim 3 xyoo mus rau 1.5-2 xyoo, thiab zaus ntawm lub raj pob hloov pauv nce, tsav tsheb cov khoom siv rov qab siv dua. Cov tshuaj chloride siab kuj tseem ua rau cov vuam pitting, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm xeb thiab tag nrho -batch nruab nrab scrapping poob. 2. Deviation ntawm alkaline ntxuav kub tswj Thaum cov neeg ua hauj lwm manually lov tes taw kub interlocks thiab cia alkali cawv ncig saum 60℃rau lub sij hawm ntev, lub chromium kev puas tsuaj ntau ntxiv, uas yuav tsum tau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntau dua {11} pickling thiab passivation. Kev siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab cov sij hawm ua haujlwm rau kev saib xyuas yuav nce li 40% -70% ib xyoos ib zaug. 3. Kev hloov pauv hauv kev ua haujlwm ntau lawm Ntev- lub sij hawm tsis tu ncua ntau lawm yam tsis muaj kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua ua rau kom cov nplais sib xyaw ua ke, ua rau lub zog cua sov nce mus tas li thiab nce kev siv hluav taws xob. luv-batch intermittent ntau lawm tuaj yeem txo qhov nrawm nrawm thiab txo qhov zaus ntawm CIP acid tu. 4. Kev tu cov txheej txheem ua tiav qhov sib txawv Cov lag luam uas tsuas yog ua cov phab ntsa thickness kuaj ib nrab-ib xyoos ib zaug es tsis txhob bi-ib hlis yuav tsis nco cov lus ceeb toom thaum ntxov pitting, ua rau kev poob qis tsis tu ncua ntawm cov nqi tsis tu ncua tshuaj xyuas kev ua haujlwm. ## Kev Sib Tw Tsav Tsheb ntawm Ntshiab Titanium Heating Tube Tus Nqi Ua Haujlwm 1. Cov tshuaj fluoride hla-kev pheej hmoo kis kab mob Txawm tias ppb- qib fluoride nkag mus rau hauv lub voj fermentation yuav ua rau tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov titanium raj phab ntsa. Thaum muaj kuab paug, tag nrho lub raj ntim yuav tsum tau hloov, ua rau siab heev ib qho - sij hawm hloov cov nqi thiab tag nrho - cov khoom siv tank scrapping poob. Qhov no yog qhov loj tshaj plaws uas tsis tuaj yeem tswj tau tus nqi hloov pauv rau cov khoom siv titanium . 2. Cov pa oxygen txaus ruaj khov ntawm CIP system Cov pa oxygen tsis txaus hauv kev ntxuav cov dej yuav txo tau tus kheej - kho lub peev xwm ntawm TiO₂ passivation zaj duab xis, yuam cov tuam txhab ua lag luam kom offline txhim kho passivation zaus thiab kho cov nqi zog. Cov cuab yeej siv aeration ruaj khov tuaj yeem txiav txhua xyoo passivation-cov nuj nqis cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau dua 60%. 3. Kev rho tawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov pauv ncua sij hawm hloov pauv ntawm cov laus PTFE lub tes tsho cais tawm yuav ua rau galvanic corrosion ntawm titanium thiab carbon steel brackets, tsim xeb sediment uas ua rau muaj kuab paug. Nquag batch re-kev tshuaj xyuas thiab qee zaus cov khoom siv pov tseg yuav ua rau cov nqi poob qis dua . 4. Cov sijhawm ua haujlwm txhua xyoo Titanium raj ua tau zoo tshaj qhov nruab nrab txhua xyoo tus nqi qis dua 24- teev ua haujlwm tas mus li. Yog tias cov kab ntau lawm ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua nrog lub sijhawm tsis ua haujlwm ntev, tus nqi pib ntawm kev yuav khoom siab tsis tuaj yeem txiav tawm tus nqi sib npaug, uas ua rau pom tseeb nce kev hloov pauv ntawm cov nqi nruab nrab txhua xyoo. ## Kev Sib Tw Tsav Yam Tseem Ceeb ntawm Quartz Anti-Corrosion Heating Tube Kev Ua Haujlwm Tus Nqi 1. Kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm alkaline Kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo Ib qho xwm txheej ntawm alkali cawv uas ntws mus rau hauv quartz loops yuav tsim frosting mus tas li ntawm lub raj nplaim, ua rau biofilm yug me nyuam muaj kev pheej hmoo thiab xav tau cov kua qaub sib sib zog nqus. Frosting hnyav yuav ua rau lub neej muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv tag nrho. 2. Kev vibration siv thiab kub nce tus nqi tswj Loose support damping pads los yog cua kub ceev tshaj 0.5℃/ min ceev microcrack expansion, zoo heev tsa qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub raj rupture. Txhua qhov kev sib tsoo tawg ua rau tag nrho cov khoom seem ntawm fermentation nruab nrab, thiab cov batch poob yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov nqi hloov pauv rau quartz cua sov tubs. 3. Ntau lawm batch tas li cua sov ntev ntev -lub sij hawm tsis cuam tshuam cua sov accumulates sab hauv thermal kev nyuaj siab ntawm quartz iav, thaum segmented luv luv {{54} quartz kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm lub sij hawm cua sov yuav txo tau. poob. 4. Kev khaws cia thiab hloov pauv kev puas tsuaj thaum lub sijhawm tu Kev sib tsoo tsis tu ncua tsis ua tiav cov khoom ntim pov tseg ua rau cov npoo chipping thiab zais microcracks, ua rau kom muaj nuj nqis ntawm cov hlab ntsha tsis zoo uas yuav tsum tau muab cov khoom seem thiab cov nqi ntxiv. ## Kev Ua Haujlwm Tsis Txaus Siab ntawm PFA Coated Heaters Kev Ua Haujlwm Tus Nqi 1. Ntev-lub sijhawm dhau-lub sijhawm ua haujlwm kub Nruam nruab nrab kub siab tshaj 95℃ua kom cov fluoroplastic txheej laus, blistering thiab brittleness, shortening qhov nruab nrab cov kev pab cuam voj voog ntawm 18 lub hlis mus rau tsawg dua 12} frequency ntxiv Cov ntsiab lus nyuaj abrasive nyob rau hauv nruab nrab High -concentration suspended khoom abrasives khawb lub txheej sai, ua rau kev puas tsuaj thaum ntxov thiab tag nrho - hloov chaw. Cov kav xa dej ua ntej- lim aging yam tsis hloov raws sijhawm yuav ua kom cov nqi hloov pauv ntau dua . 3. Ntau zaus ntawm -concentration oxidant tshuaj tua kab mob Kev siv ntau dhau - koob tshuaj hydrogen peroxide aggravates oxidative degradation ntawm cov txheej txheej, accelerating {9} cov ntaub so ntswg daj, thiab ua kom muaj xim daj, thiab ua kom muaj zog ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg. txheej kev ncaj ncees scanning soj ntsuam thiab batch kua impurity kuaj cov nqi. 4. Txias-lub sij hawm hloov kub tom qab CIP tu Hla dhau qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom txias qeeb ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, ua rau txheej txheej txheej. Txhua qhov tev tsis ua haujlwm coj cov khoom siv hloov pauv ntxiv rau GMP tsis yog- ua raws li cov khoom poob. ## Universal External Factors ua rau tag nrho cov nqi hloov pauv ntawm tag nrho plaub hom cua sov Tube 1. Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov nqi siv hluav taws xob nce nqi hluav taws xob yuav ua rau lub zog siv hluav taws xob sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv thermal conductivity siab thiab qis-cov khoom siv quartz/PFA; tus nqi hikes ntawm acid, alkali thiab tshuaj tua kab mob reagents thawb lub rov ua haujlwm tu nqi ntawm txhua hom cua sov hom. 2. Cov khoom siv raw khoom hloov pauv Titanium thiab stainless hlau tus nqi viav vias ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau kev hloov cov nqi; fluoroplastic raw khoom tus nqi hloov pauv hloov tus nqi rov ua dua tshiab ntawm PFA coated heaters. 3. Kev hloov kho cov khoom pov tseg pov tseg hauv zos Tsuas yog PFA thiab fluoride- cov kab mob titanium cov kab mob ua rau muaj kev phom sij; Cov nqi kho mob fluorine ntau ntxiv yuav ua rau lawv qhov kawg- ntawm-cov nqi pov tseg lub neej, thaum stainless hlau thiab quartz tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam. 4. Enterprise GMP kev tshuaj xyuas kev siv nruj nruj impurity thiab hlau residue tshuaj xyuas cov qauv nce sampling kuaj zaus thiab cov nqi ua haujlwm ntau tshaj, nrog rau kev kuaj xyuas cov nqi siab tshaj FA iav thiab yas txawv teb chaws lub cev txaus ntshai. ## Cov Cai Tswj Kev Txhim Kho Cov Nqi Them Kom Tsis Txaus Siab 1. Xauv qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo los ntawm PLC cuam tshuam, xws li kub alkali rau stainless hlau, fluoride pub rau titanium, cua kub rau quartz thiab nruab nrab kub txwv rau PFA, kom tshem tawm tib neeg kev ua haujlwm sib txawv raws li lub ntsiab lus hloov pauv rau lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, kom tsis txhob muaj cov yam ntxwv sib txawv ntawm lub sijhawm{83} Kev tshuaj xyuas thiab hloov cov khoom siv rau kev laus uas ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov siab heev- nqi poob tsis ua haujlwm. 3. Ua kom zoo nruab nrab ua ntej- pom, kev cais cov kav dej thiab ntxuav cov kev pab cuam kom txo tau qhov cuam tshuam ntawm corrosive thiab abrasive tshuaj ntawm cov cua sov raj thiab stabilize kev pab cuam lub neej voj voog {{90} lub hli correl kev txheeb xyuas, Esta lub sij hawm ua haujlwm parameter sib txawv thiab tus nqi hloov pauv, thiab kho cov qauv tsim khoom thiab kev saib xyuas raws li lub hom phiaj kom nqaim ntau yam ntawm cov nqi sib txawv txhua xyoo. ## Cov ntsiab lus Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ua rau kev khiav hauj lwm tus nqi hloov pauv sib txawv rau txhua qhov khoom siv cua sov. Stainless hlau tus nqi volatility feem ntau yog los ntawm chloride thiab alkaline kub tawm- ntawm - tswj; titanium tube nqi yog qhov rhiab heev rau cov tshuaj fluoride cross- cov pa paug thiab cov pa oxygen tsis txaus; quartz nqi fluctuation yog dominated los ntawm alkali misoperation thiab thermal shock rupture poob; PFA txheej nqi hloov pauv tau tsav los ntawm ntau tshaj -kub, abrasive particle erosion thiab oxidant degradation. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov nqi siv hluav taws xob rau pej xeem, cov khoom siv raw khoom lag luam sib txawv thiab cov qauv kev saib xyuas ib puag ncig tsim cov nqi sib txawv ntawm cov nqi sib txawv rau txhua yam khoom siv. Kev tswj hwm qhov chaw ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam tsis siv neeg thiab siv cov txheej txheem kev saib xyuas ib ntus tuaj yeem ua kom ruaj khov tag nrho - lub neej-kho cov nqi thiab zam kom tsis txhob muaj tus nqi nce siab los ntawm cov khoom siv tsis zoo xws li kev laus thiab kev ua tsis tiav.
